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Literary notes about french (AI summary)

In literature the term “French” is employed in a variety of ways, ranging from a marker of nationality and military identity to a signifier of cultural style, language, or even sophisticated taste. It can denote an actual person or institution—as in the French sentinel who orders a traveler back in Tolstoy’s work [1] or the French commander in Cooper’s narrative [2]—or function as shorthand for cultural or linguistic traits, as seen in references to French language origins [3] and stylistic elegance in French gardens or architecture [4]. At times the word is used to provide a historical or political context, highlighting French involvement in military campaigns [5], revolutionary changes [6], or even diplomatic affairs [7]. Similarly, “French” may be contrasted with other national styles in fields from philosophy [8] to music [9], suggesting that its literary usage often carries connotations of refinement, authority, and sometimes an ironic or disparaging comment on national characteristics.
  1. On the road he was stopped by a French sentinel who ordered him back.
    — from War and Peace by graf Leo Tolstoy
  2. The savage placed the fingers of the French commander on a deep scar in his bosom, and then exultingly demanded: “Does my father know that?”
    — from The Last of the Mohicans; A narrative of 1757 by James Fenimore Cooper
  3. The English word language comes (through the French langue ) from the Latin lingua , “the tongue.”
    — from An Advanced English Grammar with Exercises by Frank Edgar Farley and George Lyman Kittredge
  4. The Vaugirard cemetery was a venerable enclosure, planted like an old-fashioned French garden.
    — from Les Misérables by Victor Hugo
  5. The French camp near Dover.
    — from The Tragedy of King Lear by William Shakespeare
  6. But, apart from the bloody acts of the years from 1793 to 1795, the Revolution modernized France and brought incalculable gains to the French people.
    — from A History of the Philippines by David P. Barrows
  7. The French entered Vienna as I told you.
    — from War and Peace by graf Leo Tolstoy
  8. The leaders of French philosophy in the eighteenth century had been educated by the Jesuits.
    — from Considerations on Representative Government by John Stuart Mill
  9. Formal and rhythmic measure (as characteristic of the French, in contrast to Italian, music).
    — from The Devil is an Ass by Ben Jonson

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